Which device uses parallel clauses in which the second clause reverses the order of the first?

Chiasmus is a rhetorical device that employs parallelism by constructing two clauses in such a way that the second clause reverses the order of the elements presented in the first clause. This structure creates a mirrored effect that can enhance the rhythm and impact of the statement. For example, in the phrase "Never let a Fool Kiss You or a Kiss Fool You," the elements are effectively reversed in the second clause compared to the first, illustrating the concept of chiasmus.

This technique often serves to emphasize contrasting ideas or to create a memorable phrase through its balanced structure. Other rhetorical devices listed have different functions: antithesis deals with contrasting ideas conveyed in a parallel manner, epistrophe focuses on the repetition of a phrase at the end of successive clauses, and synecdoche refers to a figure of speech where a part is used to represent the whole or vice versa.