Which author's works are emblematic of the American Renaissance period?

The works of Herman Melville are emblematic of the American Renaissance period, which is characterized by a flourishing of American literature in the mid-19th century. Melville's writing, especially his novel "Moby-Dick," captures the complex themes and transcendental ideas that define this era. His exploration of the human condition, nature, and existential themes reflects the cultural and intellectual shift occurring at the time when American writers began to assert their own voices and styles in literature.

During the American Renaissance, authors sought to address the unique American experience, and Melville’s use of rich symbolism and philosophical depth aligns with this focus. His contributions, along with those of contemporaries like Nathaniel Hawthorne and Walt Whitman, highlight a distinctly American literary identity that emerged as a reaction against European influences.

The other authors listed do not fit within the American Renaissance framework. John Milton, primarily known for his works in the 17th century, such as "Paradise Lost," is firmly within the English literary tradition. Likewise, Charles Dickens's work is rooted in British literature, reflecting Victorian themes and social issues of 19th-century England rather than the American experiences. Daniel Defoe, known for "Robinson Crusoe," also belongs to an earlier