Which assessment type is typically conducted at the end of a lesson or unit?

The correct choice is summative assessment. This type of assessment is specifically designed to evaluate student learning at the conclusion of an instructional unit by comparing it against some standard or benchmark. Summative assessments are often comprehensive and may include exams, projects, or other assignments that cover all the material taught during the lesson or unit.

By analyzing a student's performance on summative assessments, educators can gather valuable insights into how well students have understood and retained the information presented throughout the teaching period. This assessment helps in determining the effectiveness of the instruction and the students' overall competencies in the subject matter.

In contrast, diagnostic assessments are conducted before instruction begins to identify students' existing knowledge and skill levels. Peer assessments involve students assessing each other's work, fostering collaboration and critical thinking, but they do not primarily serve as a final evaluation. Formative assessments take place during the learning process and are used to monitor student progress and provide ongoing feedback rather than to determine final outcomes.