What does the term orthography refer to?

The term orthography specifically refers to the conventional spelling system of a language. This encompasses the rules and standards for how words are correctly spelled and presented in written form. Understanding orthography is crucial for effective communication in writing, as it helps ensure that words are represented consistently and can be understood by readers.

In contrast, the other options focus on different aspects of language. For instance, the use of punctuation falls under the rules and guidelines for writing but does not pertain to the spelling of words; thus, it does not define orthography. Similarly, pronunciation relates to how words are spoken and is distinct from their written form. Lastly, the meaning of words in context addresses semantics, which is about understanding what words convey in sentences or passages rather than how they are spelled. Therefore, the selection of orthography aligns directly with its definition related to spelling systems.