What does "circulus in demonstrando" illustrate in logical reasoning?

"Circulus in demonstrando" refers to a type of logical fallacy where the argument essentially circles back to its original premise without providing valid supporting evidence. This means that the conclusion is assumed within the premises, leading to circular reasoning. By illustrating that reasoning can become circular, it highlights a flaw in logical arguments, where the conclusion does not offer genuine insight or support because it relies on the initial claim rather than on independent evidence or reasoning.

In other contexts, while opinions supported by evidence (like the one about opinions) can be valuable in arguments, they do not directly relate to the notion of circular reasoning captured in "circulus in demonstrando." Similarly, drawing conclusions based solely on societal norms and assuming causal relationships are different concepts that do not illustrate the specific flaw of circular reasoning, which is the focus of this term. Therefore, identifying that reasoning can become circular aligns precisely with the definition and implications of "circulus in demonstrando."